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Långholmens rasp- och spinnhus, commonly known as Långholmens spinnhus, was a women's prison in Långholmen, Stockholm, Sweden.〔Carl-Johan Kleberg, Spinnhuset och fängelset under två sekler. (1990), p. 3〕 The prison was established in 1649 when the Malmgården in Alstavik at Långholmen was erected, and was closed in 1825.〔Carl-Johan Kleberg, Spinnhuset och fängelset under två sekler. (1990), p. 5〕 This building became state property in 1724 and was used as a ''spinnhus'' (()spinning house).〔Kleberg (1990), p. 6〕 Malmgården was later expanded to increase its capacity. In 1825 the spinnhus was relocated to Norrmalm. After the move, the Långholmen Prison started to operate on the grounds. The Långholmen Prison was modelled after the ''rasp'' and ''spinnhus'' in the Netherlands. It was created mainly as a means of controlling the numbers of beggars, the homeless and the unemployed. In 1723, unemployed and homeless women, who lacked husband and property, were labelled as ''defenseless,'' a status which was considered criminal at the time, and were subsequently sent to this prison. The incarcerated women were divided into different groups depending on their ages and abilities. Amongst the better known prisoners were the ''Gråkoltarna'', religious dissenters who were imprisoned in 1733. Inside the institution there were training programmes for women prisoners which included occupational training with an emphasis on sewing.〔Kleberg (1990), p. 37〕 In 1746, the premises of the spinnhus were expanded to their present form. ==Early years== In 1698, the King of Sweden initiated the process of establishing a spinnhus in Stockholm. Once built, products from the jail were to be sold to wool factories and also used to fill the clothing needs of the defence forces. It was initially proposed that the spinnhus should be built at Rörstrand, Stockholm. However, due to lack of state funding, the builders accepted an offer to use Johan Spalding's estate at Alstavik, Långholmen instead. The property was bought in 1724 by a business college for 37,000 daler.〔Carl-Johan Kleberg, Spinnhuset och fängelset under två sekler. (1990), p. 38〕 The institution was officially named "Långholmens spinnhus". The women taken to the spinnhus were primarily from the ranks of the homeless, the beggars, and the unemployed.〔Kleberg (1990), p. 78〕 The imprisoned women were awakened as early as four a.m. to start work at five and would work until seven or at times nine p.m.〔Carl-Johan Kleberg, Spinnhuset och fängelset under två sekler. (1990), p. 80〕 They were divided into various groups depending on their age and ability. The elderly and sick who were unable to work processing wool were given the task of spinning linen instead.〔Kleberg (1990), p. 23〕 Those who were held at the spinnhus were generally considered at the time to have learned a profession and to be able to make a living which would prevent them from returning to living "indecently", by, for example, going back to prostitution. Nowadays, this view is regarded as justifying the imprisonment of homeless women at the spinnhus. An examination of the records kept in the jail archives reveals that it was not unusual for women to return to prostitution once they were out of jail, and subsequently to be imprisoned again. Many returned to the prison several times.〔〔Carl-Johan Kleberg, Spinnhuset och fängelset under två sekler. (1990), pp. 21–22.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Långholmens spinnhus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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